Fibroids occur most often in women and between the ages of 30 and 40. It is not possible to prevent these formations, which are also known as fibroids or leiomyomas in the medical language. Tissues that are not fully understood are thought to be largely caused by hormonal changes. In other words, the hormone estrogen is thought to accelerate fibroid growth. 

Fibroids, which mostly do not cause symptoms in the person, may cause symptoms such as change in menstrual pattern, abdominal pain, bloating sensation and bleeding after sexual intercourse in some cases. Fibroids, which usually occur between 1 and 15 cm in size, are pink in color and round in shape. Fibroids that can form in the uterus and cervix are mostly classified according to their location. 

What Are the Symptoms of Myoma?

 Fibroids are usually benign tumors that do not cause symptoms. Many women can live a lifetime of health without realizing they have fibroids.In cases with symptoms, the severity of the symptoms; fibroids vary in number, size, and location. Some of the frequently encountered symptoms in the presence of fibroids can be listed as follows:Increase in the amount of menstruation,Menstrual bleeding that lasts longer than normalThe shortening of the time between two menstrual periods,intermediate bleeding,Anemia,Feeling of pressure in the abdomen,digestive problems,Constipation,Pain in the rectum during defecation,The need to urinate frequentlyInability to empty the bladder completelyPain during sexual intercourseBleeding after sexual intercourseBack pain,leg pain,Stomach ache,miscarriage of pregnancy,Infertility

What Are the Types of Fibroids?

 Fibroid types are classified under different names according to the region where the fibroids are located.Types of fibroids can be listed as follows:Intramural 

Fibroids: Intramural fibroids, the most common type of fibroid, occur in the muscle tissue of the uterus. It can expand and stretch the uterus. Subserous

 Fibroids: Subserous fibroids that develop on the outside of the uterus can make one side of a person’s abdomen appear more bloated. 

How Is Myoma Treated? 

Myoma treatment can be done with many different methods. In many women, fibroids that do not cause symptoms or cause mild symptoms do not need to be treated. It is recommended to monitor such fibroids regularly. Mostly slow-growing types of fibroids shrink spontaneously with menopause. Myoma treatment can be done with medication. 

Estrogen and progesterone hormone production is inhibited by drugs defined as GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone). Thanks to this treatment, which causes the person to enter menopause temporarily, the person’s menstrual bleeding is stopped and fibroids are reduced. Another type of drug therapy is done with an intrauterine device (IUD).

Thanks to the intrauterine device that secretes progestin, the severity of excessive bleeding due to myoma is alleviated. However, this method does not shrink fibroids. Apart from these, different drug treatments may be recommended to reduce the patient’s complaints. 

One of the treatment methods that does not require surgery is radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Radiofrequency energy is given to the myoma by entering with a special needle inside the fibroid. In this type of treatment, which causes an increase in temperature in myoma, anesthesia is required. 

In embolization treatment, which is one of the minimally invasive procedures, the blood flow to the small vascular structures feeding the fibroid is cut off. Non-fed fibroids shrink over time. The surgical method used in the treatment of myoma is defined as myomectomy. Myomectomy is performed with the laparoscopic method and the uterine fibroids are surgically removed. 

The only treatment method with proven efficacy in the treatment of fibroids is hysterectomy. In the hysterectomy procedure, the uterus is completely removed. After the hysterectomy procedure, which does not cause the person to enter menopause, the person cannot become pregnant.Submucous Myoma: It develops in the middle layer of the muscle tissue of the uterus, or in other words, in the myometrium. Submucous fibroids are rare. 

Stem Fibroids: The fibroids in this product are connected to the uterus by a thin stem. Stem fibroids can turn around over time and cause pain. In cases that protrude beyond the uterus, pedunculated fibroids must be surgically removed.